英语中助动词should, would的用法
助动词:辅助其他动词构成时态、语态、疑问句式、否定名式的动词。助动词有些词义,有些没有词义,或者暗含一点词义。放在谓语首位置助动词会受主语人称、数的限制,其他位置不会受限制。
should, would用来表示过去将来时态,should用于第一人称,would用于第二、三人称(在美国也可用于第一人称):
I said I should turn in the exercise book the next day.
我说我将在第二天交作业本。
He asked whether they would come back that evening.
他问他们是否当天晚上回来。
should和would常用于虚拟语气中:
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。
If he should come back, we would welcome him.
要是他回来,我们会欢迎他。
Put on your raincoat in case it should rain.
穿上雨衣,以防下雨。
should表示惊讶和“应该”:
It surprised us that he should have failed in the test.
他竟然测试没过关,我们感到很惊讶。
Why should he have made such a big mistake?
他怎么会犯这么大的错误呢?
You should have informed me two days in advance.
你们应该提前两天通知我。
We should learn from and help each other.
我们应该互相学习,互相帮助。
would常用于委婉、客气地提建议、请求:
Would you help me serve tea?
你帮我上荼好吗?
What would you like to eat?
你想吃点什么呢?
I’d like some vanilla ice-cream.
我想要些香草冰淇淋。
would同will一样常用于表示习惯或者倾向:
When she was free, she would go shopping.
她有空时就会逛商店。
When asked a very simple question, he would laugh it off.
当有人问他一个很简单的问题时,他会一笑了之。
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