双语畅销书《艾伦图灵传》第3章:思考什么是思考(48)
It was more as had written of heresy:
但更重要的是J.S.密尔的不同说法:
the chief mischief of the legal penalties is that they strengthen the social stigma.
法律制裁的主要作用是,它能强化一种社会禁忌,而这种禁忌才是真正有效的。
It is that stigma which is really effective, and so effective is it, that the profession of opinions which are under the ban of society is much less common in England than is, in many other countries, the avowal of those which incur risk of judicial punishment.
在英国,这种社会禁忌的作用,比法律制裁要明显得多。
Modern psychology had made a twentieth-century difference; the 1920s had given to the avant-garde the name of Freud to conjure with.
现代心理学,使二十世纪变得不同了。
But his ideas were used in practice to discuss what had 'gone wrong' with homosexual people, and such intellectual openings were outweighed by the continual efforts of the official world to render homosexuality invisible – a process in which the academic world played its part along with prosecutions and censorship.
20年代,革新者知道了弗洛伊德,并在实践中用他的理论,来讨论同性恋到底是什么出了错,但这个思想萌芽很快就被埋没了,因为官方努力使同性恋遁于无形。
As for respectable middle class opinion, it was represented by the Sunday Express in 1928, greeting The Well of Loneliness with the words, 'I had rather give a healthy boy or a healthy girl a phial of prussic acid than this novel.'
作为受人尊敬的中产阶级的观点,1928年《周日快报》的展现了这个观点,它评价《孤独之井》说:宁愿给孩子一瓶氢氰酸,也不要给他看这本小说。
The general rule remained that of unmentionability above all else, leaving even the well-educated homosexual person with nothing more encouraging than the faint signals from the ancient world, the debris of the Wilde trials, and the rare exceptions to the rules supplied by the writings of Havelock Ellis and Edward Carpenter.
正统制度仍然高于一切,即使是对于受过良好教育的同性恋者来说,他们所拥有的鼓励,也仅仅是那些来自古代世界的悲哀信号:王尔德的审判,还有哈夫洛克与爱德华.卡本特笔下的罕见例子。
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